High Energy: Controlling the Uncontrollable

High Energy: Controlling the Uncontrollable

Controls save lives. But what makes a control adequate? Leveraging principles of energy-based safety and human performance, a control is now considered adequate if it: (1) effectively mitigates a high-energy hazard; (2) is installed, verified, and used properly; and (2) is immune to unintentional human error. When these criteria are met, a control is labeled a Direct Control. Although a clear definition now exists, initial site testing revealed that Direct Controls are often infeasible, even in common work scenarios.

This project will explore why Direct Controls are sometimes challenging; how to determine if an alternative work plan is sufficient; and how to continuously monitor the state of high-energy when workers are exposed. In pursuit of a future where all high-energy hazards have Direct Controls, this project will also create a long-term roadmap that includes a technological, engineering, psychological, and managerial solutions.

  1. If our vision is the elimination of SIFs, we need to eliminate SIF conditions.
  2. Thus, every high-energy hazard should have a corresponding direct control.
  3. If a direct control is not feasible, we should have an alternative controls.

Peer-Reviewed Publications

Raheemy, Y., Sherratt, F. and Hallowell, M.R., 2025. What is safety? contemporary definitions and interpretations across North America. Safety Science, 185, p.106798. [ACCESS HERE]

Raheemy, Y., Sherratt, F. and Hallowell, M. (2026) ‘What is a safety “control”? A systematic review of the lexicon of safety controls for defense and prevention’, Journal of Safety Research. [ACCESS HERE]

Raheemy, Y., Sherratt, F. and Hallowell, M. (2026) ‘What is a safety “control”? A systematic review of the lexicon of safety controls for defense and prevention’, Journal of Safety Research, 97, pp. 492–508. [ACCESS HERE]

2024 CSRA Safety Summit

Alternative Controls

STKY Challenge

Team

Ryan Edgerton (Chair)
Pembina

Guy Hairfield (Vice Chair)
California Resources Corp

Carl Molter
Allan Myers

Zach Huhmann
Ames

Michelle Gray
Holder Construction

Derrick Christensen
Granite Construction

Ryan Keane
OTIS

Brian Karas
Skanska

James Upton
Urbint

Mohammad Yaqoob Raheemy
CU Boulder

Jim Lewis
Ameren

Nidal Naaman
Bird Construction

Melissa Rohrer
Entergy

Jeff Davis
Kiewit

Reg Sopka
PCL

Betty Justus
POWER Engineers

Charlie Engel
The Austin Company

Matt Hallowell
CU Boulder

Justin Tourdot
ACIG

Greg Bloss
American Electric Power

Barry Downes
Davey

Luke Bowley
Eversource Energy

Kenton Heuertz
MasTec

Aaron Schoemaker
M.C. Dean

Michael Teran
Southern California Edison

Bobby Lu
SoCalGas

Fred Sherratt
CU Boulder